A large number of research experiments have clearly demonstrated that for producing higher cane and sugar yields on a sustainable basis application of adequate amounts of fertilizer nutrients viz. Ratooning practice saves cost on preparatory tillage and planting material and benefits from the residual manure and moisture. Sugarcane is a semiperennial ratoon crop harvested yearly. The inset shows the location of the study area within brazil. Ratoon crop matures earlier and help in starting the crushing season earlier. A range of ratoon best management practices will be discussed in this booklet. Increase sugarcane yield using drip irrigation netafim. The refined sugar is the familiar white crystal and is 100% sucrose. Sugarcane management software is widely used for crop monitoring for sugarcane farms which is essential for the product to be healthy. Ratoon sugarcane management, development, design, fabricate, device, lowhp tractor 1 introduction sugarcane saccharam officinarum l. A study of the root system in ratoons is of special significance, because response to cultivation, fertilizer application, and water management depends to a great. Colonisation dynamics of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and.
Planting method and timing effects on sugarcane yield. Of the 26,000 sugarcane growers, more than 25,000 are smallscale growers producing about ten percent of the total crop. Maximum yield of sugarcane was recorded in both plant and ratoon crops of sugarcane in plots treated with inundative release method. Management of sugarcane grown on these organic soils is uniquely characteristic of the florida industry. Water management and nutrient management of sugarcane. Ratoon cropping is an old system which has been practised for many years, especially in the tropics. Introduction of fertigation in sugarcane production for. Introduction maharashtra is one of the leading states in sugar and sugarcane production in india. Application of n during this period can result in succulent leaf growth and may increase the risk of frost. Nutrient partitioning and stoichiometry in unburnt.
Management of the ratoon cane is important because the bulk of cane supply in any one year is from ratoon crops. Selection of suitable sugarcane varieties with good ratoonability. We have developed a range of sugarcane specific products to optimise production. Effect of weed management practices on sugarcane ratoon a field experiment was conducted during the three consecutive seasons from 200608 on clay loam soil of sugarcane research station, buralikson, assam to study the effect of different herbicides along with other cultural practices of weed management of sugarcane. Sugar cane management software crop monitoring cane. Introduction of fertigation in sugarcane production for optimization of water and fertilizers use. Seventeen sugarcane genotypes were planted in a randomized complete. Sugarcane can take between 924 months to harvest, depending on the climate. Tips of ratoon managements ratoon is a crop which is allowed to grow in the same field from the roots of the previous crop without planting seed sets a new. The product of the research will be more advanced best management practices for sugarcane either grown for sugar andor bioenergy feedstock. The bses report ratoon management australian sugarcane.
In general, the productivity of ratoon crops is lower as compared to plant canes. Poor ratooning ability for sugarcane can limit crop productivity and profitability of sugarcane growers. Effect of supplemental inorganic npk and residual organic. Biocontrol strategy for the management of sugarcane insect pests. Successful ratoon management in sugarcane open access journals. Under intensive management with correct desuckering and control of pests and.
The graph below depicts the crop stages of sugarcane, and the table summarises the main crop coefficients used for water management. Sugarcane ratoon occupies more than 50 per cent of the total sugarcane area in the country. These cover managing the crop at harvest, nutrient management, irrigation, and weed and pest management. The raw sugar is then refined at two refineries in the region or shipped by barge to other refineries on the east coast. Integrated crop, soil, and water management systems for. Management of the field after harvest of the plant crop. This represents about 75% to 80% of cane supplied to queensland mills. Ratooning constitutes around 50% of the total area under cane and ratoon productivity and early maturity that the plant crop. Examine different weed management techniques in sugarcane. Our cane management software reduces cut to crush time. The objective of this study was to determine the association of physiological responses and root distribution patterns on the yield of the second ratoon cane, and the relationships between these traits. If the ratoon crop is properly managed, it could give higher returns than the plant crop because of savings in certain field operations and inputs. Integrated pest management schedule for sugarcane ratoon crop.
There is one harvest of the primary crop, and then 34 harvests of the ratoon, or regrowth. Sugarcane producers worldwide depend on irrigation to maximize yields and obtain a higher sucrose content from their crop during the vegetative and yield formation stages. Sugarcane is moderately sensitive to salinity and decrease in crop yield due to increasing salinity is. Prospects for increasing sugarcane and bioethanol production. For this reason, a series of experiments was initiated in the fall of 2000 to investigate residue management factors that might cause yield losses and also to identify improved cultural practices that might mitigate these losses. A number of australian and overseas studies have indicated that uptake of n by sugarcane is affected by crop class plant or ratoon cane, crop age, genotype as well as seasonal and management effects that affect biomass accumulation bell, 2014. Ratooning is an ancient method of propagation in sugarcane in which. Largescale growers approximately 1,400 produce approximately 83% of the total sugarcane crop, while milling companies, with their own sugar estates, produce approximately seven percent of the crop. It is designed to help farmers coordinate every aspect of farm management to improve productivity and farm operations. Sugarcane crop is pride of maharashtra state and plays a vital role in the socio. It is observed that certain sugarcane varieties perform better in ratoon crop or at least on par with plant crop. Smartcane harvesting and ratoon management sugar research.
Ratooning reduces the cost of cultivation by dispensing with. Challenges of postharvest residue management in the. Tillering is a physiological process of repeated under ground branching from compact nodal joints of the primary shoot. The reduction in n applied will depend on several fac. We have developed a range of sugarcane specific products to. Pdf handbook for sugarcane pest management in ethiopia. Apparently, the ratoon crop deserves much higher attention and care in the present scenario to boost the productivity of sugarcane. Most of the commercial sugarcane cultivars are susceptible to either brown rust, orange rust or both, and growers are dependent on using lot of fungicides to protect their crop, which is not economical and environment friendly. Effect of supplemental inorganic npk and residual organic nutrients on sugarcane ratoon crop abdul fatah soomro1, shamasuddin tunio1, fateh chand oad1, inaitullah rajper 1, mohammad iqbal khuhro2 and mohammad younis arain3 abstractthis study was conducted to evaluate the effect of supplemental dose of inorganic npk fertilizers with residual.
Complete the following operations within 10 days of harvest of plant crop to obtain better establishment and uniform sprouting of shoots. Sugarcane industry in maharashtra is second largest agro. The ratio of the maiden crop and the ratoon crop is 1. Ratoon cropping is an old system that has been practiced for many years, especially in. This is the final report for project 60522100d integrated crop, soil, and water management systems for sustainable production of sugarcane for bioenergy feedstock. Crop modelling history canegro sugarcane model evolution of a benchmarking tool models as a management tool. Mapping a specific cropa temporal approach for sugarcane. Successful ratoon management in sugarcane open access. Metaproteomic analysis of ratoon sugarcane rhizospheric soil. Under rainfed condition, crop fields need to be replanted after four or five ratoons because of yield decline braunack and mcgarry, 2006. Sugarcane cultivation requires a tropical or temperate climate, with a. Weed control through herbicides pays in sugarcane source. Chemical control of sugarcane woolly aphid, ceratovacuna lanigera. Sugarcane is a major agricultural crop in the united states, with an estimated harvested area of 874,100 acres and a production of 31.
Ratooning horticulture britannica encyclopedia britannica. Effect of weed management practices on sugarcane ratoon. Adequate light reaching the base of the sugarcane plant during the tillering period is of paramount importance. A field experiment was conduced during 200003 and 200104 to evolve suitable and economical integrated weed management technologies for sugarcane saccharum officinarum plant and ratoon crops. Temperature around 30 o c is considered optimum for tillering. These can be viewed in your own management system, no need to switch software. Tillage effects on soil physical condition and root growth. It is important to remember that ratoon crop requires 30 to 40 per cent higher fertilizers than the plant crop. The length of the ratoon cycle varies, but a plant crop and three ratoon crops are typical for the queensland industry.
In ratoon sugarcane management, three major operations are very important. Pdf sugarcane ratooning is old age practice, due to heavy investment of input and crop itself provides good ratoonability hence it is not required to. One of the major reasons of low yield is the poor management of the ratoon crop. Yields can vary enormously, under poor management yields are usually highest for the planted first crop and decline for the ratoon crops. Nutrient partitioning and stoichiometry in unburnt sugarcane ratoon at varying yield levels. Genetic improvement and agronomic evaluation of sugarcane and. Journal of agriculture and allied sciences successful ratoon management in sugarcane. Ratoon crop gives much higher and early tillering than a. Feb, 2017 in ratoon sugarcane management, three major operations are very important.
Even most sugar factories give cutting orders to farmers based on crop age. Ratoon crop utilizes the residual fertility of the previous crop. During this time, sugarcane roots support the initial plant crop in addition to a number of successive ratoon crop cycles. Thats why, for more than 30 years, sugarcane farmers have been switching to subsurface drip irrigation. Mapping a specific cropa temporal approach for sugarcane ratoon.
Crop management crop management techniques have been recommended. The end result of this study was the detection of best optimum temporal dates for discriminating a specific crop, sugarcaneratoon. Root dynamics in plant and ratoon crops of sugar cane. The ratoon sugarcane is the regenerated crop plant from the germinating bud of the stubble from the previous crop. In areas with less than 1500 millimeters meters of annual rainfall, the crop requires drip irrigation. Sugarcane ratoon crop management express tv youtube. The data on crop management, soil properties, and actual yield data were collected to represent sugarcane production within each rws buffer. Agronomy free fulltext association of physiological.
Thus the initial 90120 days period of crop growth is considered as most critical period of weed competition. Farmers who grow a particular variety are usually conversant with the harvesting time. Ratooning is a unique natural trait associated with most of the crops like banana, red. From bses booklet smartcane harvesting and ratoon management. Sugarcane harvested area in hectares is shown in green and is based on recent 20062010 municipalitylevel statistics. A field experiment was conduced during 200003 and 200104 to evolve suitable and economical integrated weedmanagement technologies for sugarcane. The ratoon crop is in variably attacked severely by insects, pests and diseases. Sugarcane 2 raw sugar, which is a combination of sucrose and molasses and is light in color figure 3. In sugarcane, ratooning is an integral component of commercial cultivation of this crop and accounts for about 50 percent of the total area 4. Subsurface drip irrigation goes beneath the soil to deliver water and nutrients straight to the root zone of each plant, boosting yields, elevating sucrose content, extending ratoon life and lowering operational costs. Crop management software refers to an application that allows farmers to organize all of their crop information in a centralized location.
Therefore, genetic improvement for rust resistance in sugarcane is of extreme importance and value to the industry. As sugarcane crop stands in field for more than a year, it is. You are able to better plan, monitor, and study farm activities. It is important to remember that ratoon crop requires 30 to. Ratoon crop definition of ratoon crop by the free dictionary. Better management practices in sugarcane farming systems. The soil becomes poor in fertility when rationing is done for more then 2 years. Nutrient requirements for sugarcane production on florida.
Tillering phase tillering starts from around 40 days after planting and may last up to 120 days. The end result of this study was the detection of best optimum temporal dates for discriminating a specific crop, sugarcane ratoon. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. There is a lot that you cannot control in a sugarcane field, but if you have a way to control every drop of water and dose of nutrients delivered to the plants and you can apply both with precise timing youll be able to produce higher and more uniform yields while increasing sucrose content and extending the life of the plantation. Ratoon sugarcane management device manager youtube. The root system of a sugar cane crop on an ultisol in northeastern brazil was examined throughout the plant and first ratoon crop cycles, using both coring and minirhizotron methods. Also the results of soil samples taken just after harvesting the sugarcane crop from the soil depths of 0 15.
Increasing yield of ratoon sugarcane newspaper dawn. Sugarcane plant and ratoon crops can be fertilized with 75% of the recommended npk through inorganics. All activities before the plantation of the crop that is important for the healthy growth of the sugarcane crop are managed by our system. Ratoon productivity has been proved to increase with proper management involving timely agricultural operations, proper nutrition management, and integrated pest management and maintenance of adequate plant population. This is not a scientific method since, planting time, crop management practices, weather conditions etc influences maturity. Sugarcane being a giant crop producing huge quantity of biomass generally demands higher amounts of nutrient elements. Details regarding p fertilizer recommendations for sugarcane grown on organic soils are available in the edis publication ssagr348, phosphorus fertilizer recommendations for sugarcane production on florida organic soils. Genetic improvement and agronomic evaluation of sugarcane. Furthermore, sugarcane produces two distinct root types. Field application of trichogramma chilonis ishii for the. With this software, farmers can keep tabs on the condition of their crops, farm.
Management 31 ix management of ratoon crop 35 x references 37. In addition, the ratoon sugarcane matures earlier than the newly planted sugarcane plant sugarcane. Our team balances state of the art remote sensing expertise with a solid understanding of sugarcane production cycles, mill logistics and sugarcane marketing operations. Seventeen sugarcane genotypes were planted in a randomized complete block design with. Future research should be focus on connecting soil and plant processes for identifying the. One that grows from the remains of one already harvested, from spanish retono, sprout. As sugarcane crop stands in field for more than a year, it is necessary to. Therefore the weed management practice adopted should ensure a weedfree field condition for the first 34 months period. India is the worlds largest consumer and the second largest producer of sugar, topped only by brazil. Traditionally in louisiana, stalks of mature seedcane varying from 4 to 8 ft in length are cut with a wholestalk harvester fig. Harvest planning and yield estimates large estates.